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- THE GULF WAR, Page 36THE POLITICAL INTERESTArabs and the Aftermath
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- By Michael Kramer
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- The outrage and thirst for vengeance that suffused the
- comments of senior Saui and Kuwaiti officials last fall are
- gone. They are more cautious now, more level-headed, as they
- consider the realities of the Middle East after a victory over
- Iraq. Long major players in the region's intricate politics,
- these Saudis and Kuwaitis will be charged with picking up the
- pieces after the U.S. turns its attention to another crisis
- somewhere else in the world.
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- Security remains the primary concern. "Even if Saddam
- himself is out," says a Saudi minister, "his Baath Party will
- probably control the country for a while, and there will be
- more than enough military hardware to threaten us."
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- For a time, this calculation led Kuwait's
- government-in-exile to urge that thousands of American ground
- troops remain in Kuwait indefinitely. "That's changed," says
- a Kuwaiti diplomat. "We want U.S. military equipment in place,
- just in case, and an increased American naval presence, but
- security on the ground should be left to Arabs." Toward that
- goal, the Gulf Cooperation Council (the gulf states and Saudi
- Arabia) is busy concocting an enhanced military defense scheme
- they call "GCC Plus." Two army components of approximately
- 30,000 ground troops each will probably be deputized as
- trip-wire forces to be stationed throughout the region. One
- will be composed of gulf and Saudi forces; the other will be
- primarily Egyptian. "Egypt has the experience, and it is
- willing," says a Kuwaiti aide to the exiled Emir. "In return,
- we will significantly help Cairo with its financial problems,
- and we will do the same for Syria."
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- The Saudis and Kuwaitis have aided poorer Arab states in the
- past, but their postwar funding will be hedged. "Bad economic
- policy, too socialist in its orientation, has kept those
- countries poor," says Ali al-Khalifa al-Sabah, Kuwait's Finance
- Minister. "We want to see true market economies develop," says
- a Saudi finance official. "Our aid from now on will be mainly
- structural in form. If we can get those countries on their feet
- financially, a lot of the underlying instability in the region
- can be alleviated."
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- Jordan too will benefit. For months, gulf leaders coupled
- King Hussein with Saddam Hussein. "We didn't care if he met
- Saddam's fate, but reality intrudes," says a Kuwaiti official.
- "The Americans are right: no decent alternative exists. Middle
- East stability demands that we keep the King in power. We're
- prepared to help him. It sticks in all our throats -- we really
- hate him -- but what are you going to do?"
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- The Palestinian problem is another matter. The gulf states
- are quietly urging Syria to normalize relations with Israel.
- "Bilateral relations are the way to go," says a Saudi assistant
- to King Fahd. "Not only because [Israeli Prime Minister
- Yitzhak] Shamir won't agree to an international conference, but
- because we don't want to reward the P.L.O. Syria's
- revolutionary credentials are impeccable. If Syria comes to
- terms with Israel, the crazies will be less able to scream. If
- we ourselves did it, you can bet that Libya and the P.L.O. would
- move to destabilize us."
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- Everything about Israel provokes the greatest curiosity.
- During a recent dinner in Jiddah, Saudi Arabia, a Saudi and a
- Kuwaiti, both officials, spoke admiringly of Jerusalem's
- restraint in the face of Iraq's Scud attacks and discussed
- visiting Israel. "I want to fly El Al," said the Saudi. "That's
- nothing," said the Kuwaiti. "I want to take the QE2's
- Mediterranean cruise, the one that stops in Haifa for a week."
- "You're joking," said the Saudi. "No, I'm serious," replied the
- Kuwaiti. "Okay," the Saudi shot back, "I'll join you."
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